Carburetor



Jan. 24, 1928.

F, S. DIXON GARBURETOR Filed Feb. 2O.n 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet l Jan, 249 g F. S. DIXON CARBURETOR Filed Feb, 20, 92,3 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 CARBURETOR Filed Feb. 2o, 192:5 :s sheets-sheet s ll G Patented Jan. 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES FUBNIE S. DIXON, OIFSARASOTA, FLORIDA.

CARBURETOR.

Application filed February 20, 1923. Serial No. 626,307.

r[his invention relates to carburetors Vand has for its object the provision of a charge forming device for supplying an internal combustion engine with an intimate mixture of air, vaporized fuel and water.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor having a mixing chamber, an integrally formed fuel chamber with a valve controlled passage connecting the fuel chamber with the mixing cham ber and so positioned that the fuel will always be fed through the said passage irrespective of the position of the mixing chamber. v

Another object of the invention is the provision of a device having a mixing chamber and a fuel chamber, a. valve controlled passage connecting the fuel chamber with the mixing chamber, an air passage in communication with the mixng chamber provided with a water jacket having a valve controlled passage with the air passage7 and a water jacket heating the air passage and supplying water to the same.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a device for supplying a` combustible mixture to an engine and having automatic means for controlling the flow of fuel and a separate automatic means for controlling the flow of water to the mix ing chamber in accordance with the needs of an engine to which it is connected.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a device having a mixing chambe f and correlated fuel and hot water chambers. with valve controlled passages for supplyingthe mixing chamber with water and fuel. the passages being so located that regardless of the positionof the mixing chamber the water and fuel chambers will supply the mixing bowl with oil and water.

Another object of the invention is the pro vision of a device having a mixing chamber adapted to be supplied with water, fuel and air, independent and automatically operated valves for controlling` the fuel and water with Amanual meansv for controlling the flow of fuel irrespective of the automatic means.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent during the course of the following description.

The invention is illustrated by way of'eX- ample in the accompanying` drawings, in which,

Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of a carburetor constructed in accordance with the principles ofmy invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of 'the same.

Figure 3 is an end view with parts broken away to show the throttle.

Figure il is a view in perspective of my carburetor shown in dotted lines with the automatically controlled valve for fuel and water shown in full.

liigure 5 is a vertical transverse section of the carburetor taken along the line 5-5 of Figure 4.

Referring to the drawings7 l designates a mixing chamber having an integrally formed fuel chamber 2 offset from one end of the mixing chamber. Fuel is supplied to the chamber 2 through a tubing adapted to be connected to the internally threaded passage in a boss 3 projecting outwardly from the chamber 2.

A stop-cock et is connected with one en of the chamber 2 while a second stop-coclr 5 is connected with the other end of the chamber. These cocks are for the purpose either of releasing air in thechamber 2 when said chamber is being iilled with fuel or for drainingthe chamber7 depending upon the position of the mixing chamber l. The p0- sition of the mixing chamber as shown 1n Figure t limits the stop-cock 4 to a drain, while the stop-cock 5 is limited to a means for releasing air pressure in the chamber.

An internally threaded hollow boss 6 is located intermediate the stop-cocks l and 5 into which is screwed a hollow plug 7 provided with a threaded passage into which is adapted to be screwed a valve stem 8. A nut 9 on the plug 7 is adapted to lock the plug in position on the boss 6.

A partition l0 forms an inner wall of the chamber 2 and a portion of the wall of the mixing chamber l. A plug l1 having a reduced threaded portion 12. screwed into a threaded opening in the Vpartition l0 is pro vided with a longitudinal pasage 18 of suiiicient diameter to permit fuel in the chamber 2 to pass upwardly along the reduced portion le of the stem 8. At the point on the plug 1l where the reduced portion 12 joins said plug is provided a shoulder which engages the under surface of the partition '10. The outer end of the `plug is provided with a tool engaging groove l5 whereby the plug may be screwed up tight. The opening in the boss 6 is of sufficient diameter to permit plug l'?.V

mounted on the stem 2l. adjacent; the bracket the plug 1l to be inserted through said opening and screwed into position in the parti tion 10.

A gasket 1G is secured in position between' the partition l() and a plug 17. This plug has a threaded recess at its lower end adapted to engage the threads on the reduced portion 12 ot the plug l1. n

The plug l? is provided with a passage 18 which is controlled at one end by a valve 19 on the end of the valve stein S,` and the other end of the passage is controlled by a automatically operated valve Q() engaging a seat at said end ot the passage and 'torining one end of a valve stein 2l. wl 'ch is slidably mounted longitudinally ot the mixing chamber l.

A bracket' 22 rigidi)7 Secured to an end of the upper portion 2?) ot the mixing chain- `ber is provided with a bearing 2t in which the inner end et the stem 2l slidable. Adjacent the rear end oit the stem 2l is a bracket Q5 winch extends out"ardlj7 trom ,the mixing chamber l into a tubular meinber Q6 and is provided with an internall;7 threaded boss 27 into which is screwed a bearing 28 for the rear end of the stem 2l. The stem is provided with a pair of collars 29 between which is mounted a volte El() engaging the stem 21 and formed on the lower end of a rock shaft 3l. The rock shaft is mounted in a hollow boss 32 itormed integrally with thel wall ot the tubular member 26. Rigidly connected with the end ot the shaft 31, which extends outwardly of the tubular member 2G, is a lever provided with a perforation 34 at its outer end adapted to be connected. to a rod which extends to the dash of an automobile for manually operating the shaft and likewise the stem 21 and valve 2O longitudinally ot' the mixing chamber l.

A spring 35 having one endconneeted with the lever 33 and the other end with the tubular member 26 is adapted to 1naintain the valve 2O closed upon its seat in the A semi-spherical member 3G,

22 is adapted to be affected by the air flowing through the restricted opening 37 at the inner end of the mixing chamber l tor auto inatically moving the valve 20 awajr from its seat when the engine is operating.

The outer end of the tubular meinlier 26 is threaded upon which is adapted to be screwed an elongated plate 38 which terms a flange 'for connecting the earbnretor to the intake manifold oit an engine. The projecting ends ot the plate 38 are provided with elongated slots 88 wherebtY the carburetor may be connected to intake manifolds of varying sizes.

The tubular member 26, midway of its ends is enlarged and provided with an annular rib 39 having a groove 4t() in which is adapted to slide a throttle valve 4-1. As shown more particularly in Figure 3, this throttle valve Lil is circula,l and is adapted to close the paas-age in the tubular member `26. t caeing di?, which ie connected to the enlarged portion ot the tubular member Q6,

AprovidesV a houaing tor the valve itl when slot 116 adapted to receive the pin. A cotter pin locks the sloted end ot the bell crank lever d5 to the pin 'llhe other end 4S oi. the hell crank lever -l is adapted to be, connected to an operating rod extending to the daeh 'tor manual operation ot the throttle valve Ali.

The outer end ot lthe mixing` chamber l is provided with a 'flange it) which is, adaptzed to be holte-l to a correaptniding tlange 5t) formed on the inner end ot the tubular menn ber 26. graelzct 5l in located hetwerni the abutting ends ot these members. he inner pen end 52 ot the mixing chamber l, which is in advance ot the ln'acltet has mounted thereon a conical air pasffage 5f) having' an external water jaclt-et 5ft which is supplied by water through an internally threaded boss connected to a tube 5.3"'. The tuhc 55 is in coninninication with the radiator nt the engine 'tor supplying hot water to the water jacket 54:.

The water jacket isrprovided with a hollow hoes 5G into which ie inserted. a plug1 :7T having ita inner end threaded and screwed into a threaded opening in the wail oi the air passage nil. The outer end of the plug 5i ia threaded and engaged h); a nut 'toi' locking the plug on the bees Citi. The plug ia provided with an internallyY threaded page sage adjacent one. end into which in' screwed the threaded portion ot a 'valve stein 5f). The portion oli the longitudinal passage in thc plug 5T adjacent the Unthreaded poi tion of the stein 59 is oi? auch a diameter an to provide a pesaage (ttl lnr water troni the water jacket, :it to a paw-age ttl in a plug` l.

Radial per'torations t are termed in that; portion nl' the plug which is located with" in the vfater jacket and connected diret-tij,v to Vthe passage (it). The inner end ol' thc stem 59 coacts with a valve .Heat tS-t to con' trol the tion' ot water troni the partage tt) to the paafric'e (Si and plug' (l2.

The plug' (3Q is provided with :in internalljr threadedrecess at one end which is adapt ed to be screwed onto the threaded end et tl c plug' 57 projecting` into the air chamber Tril.

A gasket (i5 is forced up tight again-t ill-:-Y

ltlti llt) 66 controls the end ot the passage 61 which leads into the air chamber 53 and is integrally formed at one end of a reciprocating valve stem 67. The valve stem is provided with a dish-shaped member 68 which is adapted to be etl'ected by the air passing through the chamber 53 when the engine is operated. v

The outer end of the stem 67 is slidablein a bearing 69 mounted in a bracket 7 0 which is connected to the inner wall of the chamber A rock shatt 71 is mounted in a hollow boss 72 i'ormed on the outer wallet the chamber 53 and is provided with a yoke 7 3 embracing the valve stem 67 between the collars 7d. A spring 75 on thesha'ft 71 has one end secured to said shaft with the other end secured to the boss 7 2. f

The outer reduced end 76 ot the air chamber 53 is internally threaded and adapted to engage the externally threaded annular iiange 77 formed integrally with a disc 7 8. The disc is provided with semi-circular openings 79 adapted to aline with semi-circu lar openings 80 in a rotatable disc 8l. Said disc is manually operated by anarm S2 extending through an arcuately shaped slot in a cover S3. A threaded stud 8a' screwed into a threaded perforation in a rib S ot the disc 7 8 and held in place by a nut is adapted to form a pivot upon which the disc 61 is rotated.

Adjacent the periphery ot the disc 7 8 are termed a series of heart-shaped openings 86 which are adapted to aline with the heartshaped openings S7 in the rotatable disc 61 and when so aline-d air passes through said openings into the cap S3 through the openings 79 and 8() into the air chamber 53.

The air chamber 53 is provided'at its lower end with an annular flange 88 which is adapted to be secured by means ot threaded studs to an annular shoulder 89 t'ormed on the upper surface oit the mixing chamber 1 and the upper peripheral edge or" the partition and the outer wall of the tuel chamber 2 where said partition and wall meet.

The portion ot the cap 83 adjacent its periphery is provided with a groove 9() which is adapted to engage the rounded periphery oit the disc 78 and lock said cap on the disc. A stop-cock 91 shown in Figure 2, is connected with the water jacket 54 atits lower end for draining the same.

lhe operation oif my device is as follows:

The carburetor is connected to the intake manifold of an engine through the remov-` the valve 66 trom its seat in the passage 61. Water is drawn 'from the water jacket 5t with the air. As the air passes the restrict-- ed opening 37 leading into the mixing chamber 1 it acts upon the discshaped member 36 withdrawing the valve 2O from itsseat and admitting a proper quantity olY tuel trom the tuel chamber 2. rlhe fuel and `water are carried in an intimate mixture with the air into the engine. The throttle valve 41 is operated to control the flow o1 mixture to the engine, in starting the engine the lever 33 may be actuated to admit a greater quantity oi tuel from the chamber 2.

It will be notethdue to the venturi etlect of the restricted opening 237, at the entrance of the mixing chamber 1u that the increased velocity ot the air will be greater upon the member 36 tor ope ating the valve 20 than upon the member 68 which controls the valve 66, thereby admitting a greater quantity ot tuel to the engine in proportion to the quantity of water. Further it will be noted that in view et' this diil'erential action between the operation ot the cup-shaped members 36 and 68 that more ater will be admitted at high sucede and in proportion to the speed attained than at low speeds. The l'low oi tuel and also the 'How ot water is controlled by adjusting the needle valves 19 and 6st respectively by operating handles which extend beyond the outer wall ot the casing. Since hot rater is used in the water jacket 54 Ylroin the radiator, air in the pasH sage will be heated on its way towards the engine and the water admitted through the passage 61 to the air chamber will likewise be warm thereby providing a means 'for more readily atomizing the water and humidifying the air therewith.

lt will be evident, also, from the consti-uc tion disclosed 'that water drawn 'from the water jacket 54 into the air chamber is necessarily broken up into line particles as spray through Contact with the baille member 66 and by the rush ot indrawn air past said member. An `intimate mixture ot air and spray forming a mist is therefore produced, this mist being drawn throughthe restricted opening 37 and "forming with the fuel drawn through the valve controlled inlet 16 a further and intimate mixturel ot n'ioisture laden air and tuel.`

The spring returns the valve QG on its seat tor closing the par. c 18 when the engine is stopped by rotating the si 'tt 3l, the oscillating volte at the end ot the ehatt engaging the collar 29 causing an inward movement ot the stem 21. The spring on the shalt 71 produces a similar result tor closing the valve 66 and preventing the flow of water through the passage 61 when the engine is stopped.

Due to the position ot the passage 18 relallll) ilu tive to the fuel chamber 2 and likewise due to the position of the passage 61 relative to the Water jac-het 54: the mixing chamber l may be located in any position Without interfering with the supply of fuel and .water through these passages to the incoming air.

The passage Which connects the air passage with the mixing chamber l is formed by a curved portion of the partition l0 and is restricted relative to the passage 53 thereby speeding up the flow of air when entering said mixing chamber.

lllhat I claim is:

l. A carburetor for internal combustion engines comprising a mixingl chamber having a throttle controlled end adapted t0 communicate with the intake manifold of an engine and its other end communicating with an air inlet chamber through a restricted passage, a fuel inlet between the air inlet and restricted passage of said mii;- ing Chamber, a rod supported for longitudinal movement axially of said mixing chamber, a cup-shaped member being arranged upon the rod in spaced relation to the restricted passage With its concave face in opposing relation to the passage whereby with a tion' of air through said passage the rod will be shifted, means controlled by said rod for regulating the flou' of fuel into said air chamber, and means positioned between said fuel and air inlets and constructed and arranged controllably to feed water into said air chamber.

it. A carburetor for internal combustion engines comprising a mixing chamber having a throttle controlled end adapted to communicate ivith the intake manifold of an engine and its other end communicating with an air inlet chamber through a ref-:tricted passage, a fuel inlet between the air inlet and restricted passage of said mixing chamber, means eontrollably to supply Water to said air inlet chamber at a point bet-Ween said fuel and air inlets, a rod supported for longitudinal movement axially of the mixing chamber, a` battle member carried by the rod and arranged upon the rod in spaced relation to the restricted passage whereby a current of air lioWing from the air chamber into the mixing chamber Will actuate said rod, and a valve operated by movement of the rod for controlling the fuel inlet into said air chamber.

3. In a carburetor, an air passage, means for controlling the flow of air to the air passage comprising a disc projecting beyond the periphery of the end of the air passage 'and having a pair of openings adjacent its center and a plurality of heart-shaped openings adjacent its periphery, said heart shaped openings being located in that portion of the disc which is beyond the peripheral edge of the air passage, a semi-spherical cap mounted on said disc, a second disc rotatably mounted on the lirst mentioned dise and provided with a pair of centrally located openings adapted to aline with thc centrally located openings in the lirst men tioned disc, and heart-shaped openings adjacent its periphery adapted to aline with the heart-shaped opening-1 of the lil-st mentioned disc, and means projecting through the cap for operating the second mentiornul disc, said cap forming a means for connecting the alined heart-shaped openings with the centrally disposed ojiienings in the stationary and rotary discs when alined.

fl. A carburetor for internal comlnistion engines comprising a mixing chamber having a throttle controlled end adapted for communicating with the intake manifold of an engine, and its other end communicating through a. restricted passage with an air chamber having an air inlet, a fuel inlet arranged Within the air chamber adjacent the restricted passage to the mixing chant ber, a ivaterinlet arranged between the fuel inlet and air inlet, a baille member in the air chamber adapted to be actuated with a current of air passing therethrough to the mixing chamber, means whereby lsaid lialiie inember may control the Water inlet, means within the mixing chamber adjacent the restricted passage adapted to be actuated by a current of air passing into the mixing chamber from said air chamber, and means whereby the last named means may control the fuel inlet.

5. A carburetor for internal combustion engines comprising a mixing chamber having a fuel delivery end adajued for connection to the intale side ol :1n engine and having its other end communicating with an air inlet chamber through a restricted passage, a valved fuel inlet :uljacent to the restricted passage of said mixing chamber, a. valved Water inlet opening` linto the air chamber', and valve actuating balilcs actuated responsively to engine created suction through said air and mixing chambers to draw Water-and .tuel into said air and mixing chambers, respectively, the baille controlling said Waier inlet comprising a plate having its face concaved in the direction oli air intake and alined with the Water inlet.

FURNIE S. DIXON. 

